By ΠΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΠΎΡΠ°
ΠΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° Β«Π‘Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Β» Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΎΡΡ ΠΠ°Π»Ρ. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ° (ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ β Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ), Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ β Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π°-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΠΎΡΠ° ΠΠ°Π»Ρ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡ Β«ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ°Β» ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° β ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ.
Nora Galy's 'The Living and the Dead Word' holds a unique place in her creative legacy. This book, which was reprinted three times during the author's lifetime (with each subsequent edition significantly revised and expanded by Galy), and later six more times, represents the best work ever written in our country on the theory of literary translation. Galy not only analyzes common translation errors and demonstrates successful translation examples, but also, drawing on her own literary experience, proposes a concept of the 'ideal translation language'βa living and natural one.