By ΠΠ΅ΠΠΎΠ½ ΠΡΡΡΠ°Π²
ΠΡΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΠ΅ΠΠΎΠ½
ΠΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ, ΠΎΡ Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π½Π° ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π»ΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΈ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌ Π±Π΅Π· ΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΡ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° Π² ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΌ. Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ½Π°, Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π² 1895 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ» ΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΏΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°, ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ.
Gustave Le Bon
Masses of people, driven by an idea, have long played a role in history. However, it was only from the era of great revolutions that they became an independent political force. The masses differed in numbers, composition, mindset, and ability to act without a clear leader. Few managed to learn their language and rules amidst the rapid pace of historical change. Gustave Le Bon's work, first published in 1895, became one of the earliest studies on the psychology of popular masses. Within over a hundred pages, the author presented an exposition of the properties and qualities of the crowd as a collective subject, responding to the historical challenges of his time.