By Π₯Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ Π.
ΠΠ°ΡΠ» Π₯Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ, 2024
ΠΠ°ΡΠ» Π₯Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ, Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³, Π·Π°Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ» ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π³Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ±Π° Π² ΠΠ·ΠΈΠΈ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π² Π―ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Π·Π³Π»ΡΠ΄Ρ. Π Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π₯Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ» ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡ "ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ° (ΡΠΎΡΠ·Π°)", Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΅Π²ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠ½ Π²Π²Π΅Π» ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ "ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π°" (Lebensraum), ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π’ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡ Π°, Ρ ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π₯Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ» Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π²Π·Π³Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ» Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»Π°Π³Π΅ΡΡ ΠΠ°Ρ Π°Ρ.
Karl Haushofer, 2024
Karl Haushofer, a German geographer and sociologist, established the German school of geopolitics. His military background and diplomatic service in Asia, including as a military attachΓ© in Japan, shaped his theories. Building on the ideas of predecessors, Haushofer proposed the concept of a "Continental Block (Union)" aimed at uniting Eurasian states against the Anglo-Saxon world. He introduced the term "living space" (Lebensraum), which later became part of the Third Reich's official ideology, though Haushofer himself did not share Nazi views and was imprisoned in the Dachau concentration camp.