Function and Surgery of the Carotid and Vertebral Arteries

More than a procedural guide, the text represents a guide to decision-making—highlighting individual anatomy, patient screening, selection of procedure, surgical technique, avoidance of pitfalls, and management of potential complications. Patient-centered approach highlights patient outcomes in the choice of surgical options. Detailed descriptions of vascular anatomy, including anatomic variations, help tailor surgical approaches to each patient. Procedural information weighs the pros and cons of open surgery, such as carotid endarterectomy (CEA), versus carotid angioplasty and stents (CAS). Comparisons of open and intravascular procedures help readers make informed therapeutic choices for each patient.